Diversity and Inclusion

Answer: For: systemic inequality cannot be corrected without proactive measures; historical disadvantage persists; diversity benefits everyone (varied perspectives improve decision-making). Against: it can be seen as reverse discrimination; may stigmatise beneficiaries; should be replaced by class-based rather than race-based measures. Nuanced view: affirmative action remains necessary where systemic barriers exist, but should evolve — focusing on socioeconomic disadvantage rather than solely on race.

Answer: Intersectionality (Crenshaw, 1989) recognises that people face multiple, overlapping forms of discrimination. A Black disabled woman experiences prejudice differently from a white disabled woman or a Black man. It is important because single-issue approaches miss compounded disadvantage. Policies must address multiple dimensions of inequality simultaneously. Intersectionality also enriches understanding: it shows that identity is complex, not reducible to one category.

Answer: #MeToo (2017, following Harvey Weinstein revelations) empowered millions to share experiences of sexual harassment and assault. Impact: powerful men held accountable (Weinstein imprisoned), workplace policies reformed, public awareness dramatically increased. Criticisms: some see it as mob justice, concern about due process, uneven impact (mainly helped privileged women). Legacy: permanently shifted the conversation, making silence around harassment less acceptable.

Answer: Adichie argues that feminism benefits everyone, not just women. Gender expectations harm men too (pressure to suppress emotions, to be "strong"). She redefines feminism as simply believing in the equality of the sexes. Her argument is relevant because: the gender pay gap persists, women are underrepresented in leadership, gender-based violence remains endemic. By making feminism accessible and universal, Adichie encourages people who might have rejected the label to embrace the principles.

Answer: Similarities: both fought legalised racial segregation (Jim Crow / Apartheid), both had iconic leaders (MLK / Mandela), both used non-violent protest (initially). Differences: Apartheid was more extreme and systematic; the US movement focused on legal equality within an existing democracy; South Africa required complete regime change. Legacies: both achieved legal equality but systemic inequality persists (wealth gaps, residential segregation). The comparison shows that legal change alone is insufficient without addressing economic and social structures.